Nesmeyanov biography

The stages of scientific and social activity "since childhood, I wanted to become a scientist much later, critically considering myself, I was convinced that I was more likely to be an intelligence of the artist in the broad sense of the word than a scientist. My thinking was figuratively. I needed visibility. And the depths of the abstraction that modern science lives, I felt badly in them." From the memoirs of A.

Perevalov, I worked under the leadership of Alexander Nikolaevich for 35 years and considered the administrative work of the obstacle of his scientific activity. Now I think that the role of academician A. Nesmeyanov as the organizer of science is extremely high and no less important and significant than his work in the field of chemistry. The small size of the note forces me to limit myself to a short story only about some of my teacher's affairs.

Moscow University occupied a special place in the life of Alexander Nikolayevich. In his university laboratory, studies were conducted on elementorganic and organic chemistry. Here, in the year, he discovered the method of obtaining metallorganic formations through aryldiazonium salts, which included in the textbooks as "Nesmeyanov’s reaction." The decision on construction was made in March: one of the high -rise buildings of Moscow planned on the Lenin Mountains was intended for the university.

There were many problems immediately: whether the old buildings are preserved at the university, it is impossible to place the physical, chemical and biological faculties in the high-rise building due to the special conditions necessary for research whether it is permissible to place the training audiences in the high-rise building along with the hostel and apartments for the faculty.

It was decided to leave humanitarian faculties, educational, administrative and residential premises in the old building, and build five -story buildings for three natural faculties. This order has existed for almost 50 years. Nesmeyanov was fond of designing the interior of new laboratories. Expitable cabinets without medium -sized racks and a new model of a chemical table were designed.

In the year, two important events took place - the Institute of Organic Chemistry moved to the newly built building and the Institute of Elepe Organic formations was created. The role of A. Nesmeyanov in these events was decisive. Martin Israilevich Kabachnik recalls how in May they sat on a bench on Gogolevsky Boulevard and "dreamed of how we would live tomorrow." The conversation was about the structure of the institution of element -organization compounds.

Alexander Nikolaevich was deeply convinced that the growth points of science are at the junction of science. "And about another famous, not so famous, the contribution of A. Nesmeyanov to the organization of science - about the internship of young scientists abroad. It was not easy to organize this in the years. Nesmeyanov and Nobel Prize laureate Alexander Todd England met at a meeting In a conversation, they found that both of them consider the internship of young chemists abroad.

In the fall of the same year, A. Kosygin came to England, visited Cambridge and listened to A. Todd’s proposal to accept two trainees from the USSR, provided that they would be taken away from the abilities of chemistry and they will refrain from any political activity. Nesmeyanov and Kosygin discussed the terms of Todd and accepted them. As a result, in the fall, G.

Kochetkov and E. The volume and significance of the research of A. Nesmeyanov and his schools are enormous. Many results have become classic and entered textbooks on organic and metallorganic chemistry. Here are just a few main directions. Development of methods of synthesis and study of the properties of metallurgical compounds of non -transition and transition metals. Organic synthesis synthetic methods based on transformations -chlorvinylketons, synthetic chemistry of polyglogen production, etc.

Theoretical organic chemistry of tautomeria and dual reactionary ability, stern, stereochemistry of electrophilic and homodolithic replacement. Synthetic and artificial food. Nesmeyanov’s interest in food synthesis is not accidental. The main task that he wanted to solve is to receive food protein without killing animals. Tatyana Nikolaevna, his sister, recalls: “At nine years, Shura refused to eat meat, and at twelve years he became a complete vegetarian, refusing the fish.

The firm belief that could not be killed by animals. This was not inspired by anyone, and all his life he did not change the word given to himself once in his childhood. "In the year, A. Nesmeyanov first formulated the problem of receiving food with non -traditional methods. So, the method of preparing protein grain caviar was developed and mastered, similar to sturgeon caviar, based on milk proteins.

Another direction - growing yeast in carbon fiber and receipt and receipt and receipt and receipt As a result, a new industry has arisen from them - and another path, purely chemical, is the synthesis of the base of the proteins.The classmate Yu. Pleskov with the classmate of Yu. Pleskov did the thesis in the laboratory of Professor A. Suddenly, after the lecture, they tell me that A.

Yura was not in place, and I went alone. Where would you like to work at the end of your studies - to stay at the department, go to graduate school or work at the Institute of Zaletorganic Compounds?

From such an unexpected attention to my person, I was at the first time, but still answered: "At the department or graduate school, they would look at me for a long time as a student, but I would like to do an independent scientific research after study." Thinking work in the field of artificial food, A. working in this direction, we opened a new phenomenon - the regrouping of radicals in the process of tearing later by A.

He took the most active part in the implementation of this work in practice - reported about it at the presidium of the Academy of Sciences, attracted the attention of the heads of the Chemical Industry Department of the Central Committee, the Minister of Chemical Industry L., and in November, he once saw among the crowd in the crowd of crowds among crowds The corridor in anticipation of the reception Rakhil Khatskelevna Freudlin - if I am not mistaken, she was the only woman among laboratories' heads for a long time.

To involve youth in a more active scientific life of the institute, the idea arose to create a youth scientist council. Knowing the healthy conservatism A. Rogovina did not dare to go with this idea directly to A. At that time I was the secretary of the Komsomol organization of the institute. We were pleasantly surprised when the next day we learned from M. we organized at the Institute "Likbez" - lectures on chemistry were given by leading scientists of the countries.

But we could not attract our academics to the participation of our academics. On one of the scientific councils A. I asked him to influence our luminaries, but then made a mistake - called A. and in response he heard: “You are a bad diplomat! I have no time to read the lecture, and how can I convince others, if the same? Slonim, after a polemic with N. Khrushchev, A. Nesmeyanov had to leave the post of President of the Academy of Sciences.

The next day after this event, about 9 after this event, about 9 after this event, about 9 after this event. In the morning, in his director’s office in the old investment building, without saying a word, almost all members of the academic council of the institute were going on, we all wanted to be in this difficult for A. as always, exactly at 9 o’clock, the door opened and A.

saw us, he asked in surprise: “What happened? The tavern said: "We gathered here to express our support to you, and we do not know what to do next." Let's drink-I was born a second time. "He went to the closet, took out a bottle of cognac, a subnode with glasses and all the posts of the pitchfork on the table. Drinking for health A. Once in the year I was called to A., Entering the Directorship Cabinet there is now a museum A.

The Kabanika was located on the sofa to the left of me. I refused to complete the lack of experience in party work. I refused again. Nesmeyanov smiled and said: “Grigory Lvovich, you will not come out of here until you give consent. If you do not feel sorry for your time, then pity on us - we are very busy people. "I was forced to agree, but provided that in a year there would be new elections.