Ilyushin Sergey Biography

Born 18 March 30 in the village. Dilyalevo of the Vologda province - died on February 9 in Moscow. Soviet aircraft designer. The creator of the most massive combat aircraft in the history of the attack aircraft Il three times Hero of Socialist Labor,, the only laureate of the seven Stalinist prizes,,,,,,,, laureate of the Lenin Prize, the State Prize of the USSR, Colonel General of the Engineering and Technical Service; From the year-Colonel-General-Engineer.

Sergey Ilyushin was born 18 30 in the new style of March of the year in the village of Dilyalevo by the Vologda province in a peasant family. Father - Vladimir Ivanovich Ilyushin. Mother - Anna Vasilievna Ilyushina. There were nine children in the family, of which seven two boys survived and grew up in infancy. Sergey was the youngest. He learned to read early - at six years old.

At eight years, he went to the Zemstvo school in the village of Berezniki two and a half miles from his village. One of the teachers in the zemstvo elementary school was Alexander Vladimirovich Chevsky, who, according to Ilyushin, instilled in him a love of knowledge. At the age of fifteen, in the year, Sergey, following the example of older brothers, left his native village to work.

He worked as a laborer at the Yakovlev factory near Kostroma, then at the Gorelin factory in Ivanovo-Voznesensk, was a digger at the construction of the road in the estate of the Vologda merchant Volkov, cleaned the waste ditches at the dyeing factory in St. Petersburg, and was hired to mow hay. In the year in St. Petersburg, Sergey met fellow countrymen who told him that there was a profitable work at the Kolomyazhsk Hippodrome, which adapted to the airfield for the first international aviation week in Russia.

Sergei hired on the hippodrome surgery. He aligned the field: he fell asleep on the pits, cut off the bumps; He helped to unload the boxes with parts of airplanes, collect them. In the fall of the year, the first All -Russian Aeronading Festival was held at the commandant airfield. He later recalled: "Since the All -Russian Holiday of the Aeronading, I have a love of aviation." In the year, Ilyushin returned to his native village, worked as a mobile of milk oil factory of the village of Bereznyaki.

At the end of the year, the family experienced an acute need, and Sergey decided to go to work for the construction of the Amur Railway, where he spent almost the whole year at the Bureya station. He was a label, a lubricant of the boxes. Then he became a sheet, because he was literate. In the late autumn of the year he returned to Dilyalevo, and in the spring of the year he again went to work.

He left for Revel now - Tallinn, where he hired to build a shipbuilding plant of Russian -Baltic society. He was a handler, a lubricant, an assistant to the excavator driver. In the fall of the year, Ilyushin was mobilized into the army. At first he served in the infantry training team, then the clerk in the department of the military head of the city of Vologda.

When a request for seven people for service in aviation came to the department, Ilyushin at his own request was transferred to the team of the Northern Aviation District to St. Petersburg to the commandant airfield, where he first served as an angry, then assistant to the aircraft engineer, the younger and, the senior motorist. Sergei was part of the airfield team, which took, checked, prepared aircraft from air factories S.

Shchetinin and V. In the summer of the year, Ilyushin passed the pilot’s rights, graduating from the soldier school of pilots of the All -Russian Imperial Aero Circle club. In March, Sergey Ilyushin in connection with a sharp reduction in the production of aircraft by aviation plants, the aerodrome team was disbanded. Ilyushin first left for Dilyalevo, and then in Vologda, where he worked as the head of the industry department of the Vologda Council of the National Economy: he was engaged in establishing the work of nationalized sawmills, steam mills, and oil plants.

In October, he joined the RCP b. In the same year, Ilyushin and his three comrades - Alexander Ivanov, Vladimir Firulev and Alexander Birillo - on the instructions of the Gubkom Party founded a party cell at the Vologda Pedagogical Institute. In May, he was called up in the Red Army. Ilyushin was sent to Serpukhov, where the command of the Red Air Fleet was located. There, Sergei Vladimirovich met his old acquaintances on the airfield team of the commandant airfield-the head of the 6th aircraft repair train of the Voronts and the A.

train commissar, they agreed on the appointment of Ilyushin by the Air Mechanical Service of the 6th Army of the 6th Army of the Northern Front. In the fall of the year, the mechanic Ilyushin received an order to go to the Petrozavodsk area, where, on the report of ground forces, the gained White Guard aircraft of the English -made Avro landed. Ilyushin and five Red Army men reached the place of forced landing of the aircraft, dismantled it, pulled it through impassable dirt and took it to Moscow.

Later, on the basis of this aircraft, a Soviet training biplane was developed in the spring of the year Voronets and Raughevich received the appointment of the Caucasian Front in the Saratov aviation park. They achieved the transfer to Saratov Ilyushin. Sergei Vladimirovich became a senior mechanic and commissar of the 2nd aviation park of the Caucasian Front.The air park was engaged in the repair, restoration and testing of aircraft before being sent to the front.

After some time, Ilyushin writes a report with a request to send him to the front of the Red Army. Soon Ilyushin was summoned to Moscow, and in February, Sergey Vladimirovich was appointed head of the Civil Defense of the 9th Kuban Army of the Caucasus Front. In the fall of the year, the Ilyushin air trip was sent to Moscow, to strengthen the re -forming parts. Before departing to Moscow, Sergei Vladimirovich, in an interview with the head of the Caucasian Front, Vasily Vladimirovich Khripin, expressed a desire to enter the Institute of Red Air Fleet engineers.

Khipin supported his desire to receive a higher aviation education. During his studies, Ilyushin actively participated in the work of the planning circle of the workshops of heavy and siege artillery. Having built it along with the participants in the circle, he took part in the first all -Union rally of planning in Koktebel in November. Subsequently, he contributed to the creation and participated in the work of the Higher School School of the Oswavajim in Koktebel.

Its fourth glider of the Moscow AVF took part in the Rennian planning competitions in Germany in August, pilot Konstantin Arteceulov, where he received the first prize for flight duration. From June to November, Sergei Vladimirovich worked as chairman of the aircraft section of the Air Force Scientific and Technical Committee, where he was studying the world's experience in aircraft construction, the development of tactical and technical requirements for new aircraft.

Under the leadership of Ilyushin, technical requirements for some aircraft Nikolai Polikarpov, including the U-2, Andrei Tupolev, Dmitry Grigorovich, were compiled. Also in the years, Sergei Vladimirovich worked as an assistant to the head of the Scientific and test institute of the Air Force on the scientific and technical part. Work in the Scientific and Technical Committee and the Air Force Scientific and test institute was interesting, but Ilyushin sought to start his own design.

In the summer of the year, Sergey Vladimirovich writes a report with a request to transfer to the aviation industry, having previously discussed this issue with the head of the All -Union Aviation Association Peter Baranov. Menzhinsky for the construction of light aircraft and the design department of TsAGI, which is engaged in the development of heavy aircraft.

The proposal of Sergei Vladimirovich was supported by the head of the head of the head of the head of the head Peter Baranov and the People's Commissar of Heavy Industry Grigory Ordzhonikidze. By order of the Head of the Vyprom of January 13, the Central Design Bureau of the Central Design Bureau of the Air Protection of the Air Protection named after Menzhinsky, whose head was appointed Ilyushin.

In September, the Ilyushin brigade was transformed into the experimental design bureau of the aircraft factory named after On a forced landing in the dark, the plane turned over. Ilyushin and his passenger - the designer of the Voronezh plant Ivan Vasilievich Zhukov - were injured. Soon after this incident, an order was released, which forbade the main designers to fly on their own.

The prototype-“armored attack aircraft” of the BSh-2 factory name of the Central Design Bureau made the first flight on October 2 of the year, test pilot V. IL-2-the most massive combat aircraft in the history of aviation, more than 36 thousand pieces were released. Il-2 took part in the battles in all theaters of the military operations of the Great Patriotic War, as well as in the Soviet-Japanese war.

The designers called the aircraft they developed "flying tank." Luftwaffe fighters nicknamed the IL-2 with a “concrete plane” by him. According to some Soviet authors, the Wehrmacht soldiers called him the “plague” to him. Schwarzer Tod, literally: "Black Death." Wanting to help our heroic Red Army to defeat and destroy the Nazi gangs faster, I introduced 75 rubles to the Moscow Regional Office of the State Bank and on February 1, I will pay another 35 rubles for the construction of the Moskva air connection.

I wish you, Joseph Vissarionovich, good health. Aircraft designer S. Since the year of OKB Ilyushin began the development of passenger aircraft. A series of civilian silts began with the silt on NATO codification: Coach - “Intercity Bus” - a passenger transport aircraft for a few and medium aircraft. The design is a whole -metal two -engine low -plan for traditional layout with piston engines and a three -top chassis with a nasal wheel.

The first flight was made on August 15 under the command of a test pilot Vladimir Kokkinaki. Then Il and Il were developed by the last plane developed under the leadership of Sergei Vladimirovich, Il became the codification of NATO: classic - “classic” - the first Soviet turbojet -long passenger aircraft of the 1st class of intercontinental range, the flagship of the aeroflot of the X - 10 years.

Sergei Vladimirovich Ilyushin, according to the memoirs of his colleagues, knew how to infect with his enthusiasm, to captivate people with his idea without any agitation. For young experts, Ilyushin developed a “brief memo to the designer”, where he described the main issues of designing parts, components and parts of the aircraft. The “memo” gives not only a complete list of all the requirements affecting construction, but also indicates the need for a systematic approach to design, the purpose of a comprehensive analysis of all factors.

As a result, Ilyushin not only contributed to the development of aircraft industry, to the country's defense capacity, but also raised the largest specialists with highly qualified, performance and individual style. Sergei Ilyushin belongs to that galaxy of outstanding designers, whose creative activity goes beyond the scope of engineering labor and becomes the activities of the scientist.

As a true engineer and scientist, he supported any creative undertakings, helped the authors and inventors seeking new solutions. As a result, OKB officers published more than one hundred scientific and technical work. Designers received many copyright certificates and patents of various nature. Sergei Ilyushin is rightfully considered an outstanding aircraft designer and scientist and occupies a worthy place in the history of aviation.

Its attack aircraft, bombers, passenger aircraft at each stage of aviation development are new technical thoughts. Sergey Ilyushin died on February 9. In the village of Dilyalevo, a house has been preserved in which S.