Akhmadov Turpal biography

Take it on the wall so as not to lose. Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz. Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz may he be pleased with Allah born in the year in Medina. He belonged to the Kurayshite family of the Omayades, who were at that time in the power of the Caliphate. Showing the most famous scientists from childhood still, he receives a brilliant education at that time. Despite his enormous fortune, his annual income was 40 thousand dinars -this is about kg.

At the age of 26, he is appointed governor of Medina, Mecca and Tif. Over the 6 years of the reign, Umar did a gigantic work on its scale: roads were laid, channels and wells for agricultural work were created. Having left the position of governor, Umar as a simple soldier goes as part of the Caliphate Army to war with Byzantium. At this time, his uncle Suleiman ibn Abd al-Malik, the ruler of Caliphate, feeling the approach of death, intends to bequeath the power of his beloved nephew.

Fearing that Umar would give up power, the caliph hides his will from him. The Caliph close to the Caliph kept their secret, vowing silence. When, after the death of Caliph Suleiman, with a large gathering of the people, a will was announced, Umar publicly abandons power. However, all those present unanimously swore allegiance to the new caliph. Having become a caliph, Umar completely abandoned his previous luxurious lifestyle.

He leaves the magnificent palace of the Omayads and sacrifices all his condition into the treasury of the caliphate. Caliph Fatima’s wife, following the example of her husband, passed even her jewelry to the treasury. His only income remains a land plot in Suvaida, which brings only dinars per year. Despite the receipt of huge funds to the treasury at that time, he did not take himself a dirham.

It got to the point that the close associates decided to remind him that even the righteous caliph Umar, revered as a sample of piety and sincere faith, received a small content from the state treasury, to which he objected, that Umar Ibn al-Khattab had no property while he had it. The rich and pampered relatives of the Caliph had to tie his belts more testively. Access to the treasury was already walled up for them forever.

The caliph abandoned the unnecessary numerous court army of servants and the panegirists. Umar himself leaves one change of clothing, which is soon covered with patterns from long -term wearing, and settles in a simple house. Sometimes the caliph lingered to the Friday sermon, waiting for the washed clothes while the washed clothes have dried. Umar’s strict ascetic attitude towards life was influenced by his close relationship with the famous scientist and ascetic of that time Hassan al-Basri.

They often talked and conducted correspondence. Having come to power, Umar coordinally transformed the social organization of society. He granted his subjects the right to freely move, built inns for travelers, dug up many wells, built roads. As a result of the economic reforms carried out by him, the standard of living of the population grew - in the caliphate there are practically no poor ones.

People lived so well that they difficult to find those who needed to pay Zakat. To eradicate bureaucratic arbitrariness, he raised a salary of all government officials. In addition, the decree of Umar was sent to all the provinces of the caliphate: "Who was oppressed, let him come to me without permission." It is interesting that the law provided for the payment of road expenses in the amount of to dinars from approximately 3 to thousand dollars.

Scientists and researchers were put on full material support. Umar shifted from the posts of governors and government officials, those who ruled unfairly and wasted state funds. Each resident of the caliphate, burdened with debts, regardless of religion, received a guarantee of debt repayment at the expense of specially established state funds. Everyone who wants to acquire a family and did not have the necessary amount from the califate treasury for this.

The main feature, which distinguished the caliph Umar from his predecessors, is a gentle one, reaching scrupulousness, attitude to the treasury of the caliphate. In this, the caliph looked like his great-grandfather of the famous Umar Ibn al-Khattab, the closest associate of the Prophet, may Allah bless him and welcomes him. When Umar was offered to allocate a huge amount for the decoration of the Kaaba of the main temple of Muslims, he exclaimed: "Hunger Muslims need more than Kaaba" Residents of Caliphate loved Umar for a meekness of character and fair rule.

Once, the ruler Khorosan asked for permission to use force against the local population, saying that only a sword and a whip will correct them. The angry Caliph exclaimed: "You are lying. Only justice and truth will correct them. Do not forget, Allah will destroy those who are atrocious." Umar's reign time is called the era of the greatest spread of Islam. Residents of the provinces of the caliphate massively accepted Islam.

The governors of these lands, fearing to reduce tax revenues to the budget, suggested that Umaru were preserved for the announced annual tax on non -Muslims.The indignant caliph ardently objected: “Allah sent Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah blesses him, directing a direct path, and not a tax collector! He pursued an active preaching policy, encouraged and revered Muslim theologians.

During his reign, as we already said, many subjects of the caliphate took only two years of epoch. A fair government was unexpectedly interrupted. At the age of 40, Umar suddenly dies. According to one of the main versions, the caliph was poisoned by his close from the family of the Omeads. The strict Puritan lifestyle of the caliph, his scrupulous attitude to the treasury and fair reforms clearly suffered them indefatigable and greedy desires.

Before his death, Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz asked those present to sit nearby. They sat down. Then he turned to Allah: "You ordered me, but I was careless. You forbade me, but I disobeyed. But I testify that there is no deity except Allah." Then he raised his eyes and looked somewhere. People told him: "Oh, the lord of the faithful, your gaze is harsh." People heard how someone read: "We give this house in a future life only to those who do not strive for a high position on Earth, as well as for wickedness.

The happy outcome is prepared only by God-fearing." Caliph Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz died in Damascus, in the month of the Rajab of the Hijra year, which corresponds to the year for Christian chronology. May Allah be merciful to him.