Biography with Maximov

He made a lot of travels to various regions of Russia. He studied the communal and artelian life of peasants, artisans-seizures, craftsmen, prisoners and others. Maksimov Sergey Vasilievich Honorary Academician since the year. Under the influence of Slavophilism, the patriarchal way was idealized. Of great interest are the works of Maximov, which collected information about the small peoples of Russia, about the colonization of the Amur Region in the East, St.

Petersburg, about the position of exiles and the state of prisons in Russia "Siberia and Kutorg", part Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. Works: Sobr. Born in with. Parfentievo Kologrivsky Kostroma lips. At the end of the school in the village. Parfentiev entered the Kostroma gymnasium. In the summer, he comes to Moscow to enter the historical and philological faculty of Moscow University, but the reception was only for a medical one.

Among the new friends, the future historian D. Ilovaysky and the future famous doctor S. subsequently write: “Moscow owes my first literary connections, my literary education and the first glimpses of my consciousness that I should be useful to the people.” He owes these glimpses of consciousness the editorial office of the Moskvityanin, where A. Maikov will meet his fellow countryman A.

Through many years: “You remember your acquaintance with Pisemsky: I don’t know if he was the godfather of your first works, but I remember that his sober view of life and art had a greatly acting on you, still a young man, and did not remain without your further work. He seems to be the first to indicate you to study the life of the Russian people, finding in you the preparation, well -aimed look and reasonable observation in you.

” Maksimov became close to his Kostroma fellow countryman at a time when A. Pisemsky’s “Tyufyak” and “our people are counted” by A. Ostrovsky, according to A. Grigoryev, “bright rays”, opening up new layers of folk life. In the nucleus of the young edition of Moskvityani, it compiled an Ostrovsky circle. This was the second generation of summer Slavophiles, the eldest of which, Ostrovsky, was 27 years old, and the youngest, Maximov, recalling this 2-year-old Moscow period, Maximov emphasized that “in the circle of Moscow friends it was only indigenous Russian people”, everyone wrote, “he visited here and with a more raised person, confidence and a firmness, and a firm react.

As if he had received a decorated and witnessed patent for his natural title. ” With this "patent" the young writer appeared in St. Petersburg. No wonder in his first ethnographic essays critics noted “lack of cosmopolitanism”. During the “Reading Library”, the most massive publication at that time, publishes 6 Essays Maximov. I. and Turgenev drew attention to them, whose “notes of the hunter” in a certain sense were “ethnographic”.

The road is open to you, ”he advised the young writer. Maximov made his first “expedition” in the Vladimir, Nizhny Novgorod, Kostroma and Vyatka province, still not having, as he himself admitted, “no school and teachings”, hoping for the Russian “maybe”. The cycle of his essays appeared in the same “Library for Reading”, subsequently compiling the book “Forest Deet”.

To the naval department, led by the brother of the emperor. Konstantin Nikolayevich, during the long -haughty reorganization of the fleet, decides to send a “literary expedition” to research and describe the sea coasts and the main water arteries of Russia. Mikhailova - to the Urals, N. Filippova - on the Don, and the youngest of them Maximov - on the Russian North, in that “land of non -frighted birds”, which half a century after him will again open M.

Essays Maximov, as and drove. Then, these books also represented the fictionalized ethnography genre, which arose, not without the participation of Maksimov, at the junction of science and literature. The famous historian I. Zabelin wrote to him: "Ethnography is the same archeology, only living, acting." However, Maximov’s books, which were not directly related to ethnography and his ethnographic expeditions, found the greatest fame.

A century later, the Culs of Bread was again in the spotlight, and not only children. Maksimov created a poem about bread, a hymn to Russian bread and a Russian stoop: “Bread is the head of everything! They don’t bother about anything so much, ordinary Russian people, as about the growth of sown bread, have not prayed about anything so hard. Without bread, not a peasant. Bread on the table is the throne, and bread is not a piece - and a table board.

Without bread, it is unhealthy, without it and at the water to live, without bread death; Bread is a gift of God, father, breadwinner. " During ethnographic expeditions, Maksimov also conducted folklore notes - songs, fairy tales, legends, rites, proverbs, sayings, but he gave them all to the folklorists. In his ethnographic books, folklore is present in its natural habitat.

All his books are folklore to exactly the same extent as ethnographic. Folklore recreates the inner life of the people, ethnography - external. They are like the soul and body of the people.In only one book, Maximov gathered together these folklore gold placers, highlighting the nuggets of winged words from them. In E, he publishes in various newspapers and magazines his notes dedicated to the interpretation of individual words and expressions.

In his “winged words” were published, and then repeatedly reprinted, becoming, along with the “Kule of bread”, one of the most popular books. Contemporaries rightfully called Maximov the Patriarch of people's science. His collected works, published in the publishing house "Enlightenment", consists of 20 volumes. But it is far from complete. Collected works became the result of his half -century literary activity, but posthumous.

During his lifetime, Maximov was forced to earn his daily journalism in St. Petersburg “Police Vedomosti” for bread. His contemporary and biographer P. Bykov wrote about him a year before his death: “This is an amazingly modest person is far from appreciated in his homeland, where his name is very popular, but he would not bend how it would be thundered abroad if Sergey Vasilievich, only recently elected to the Honorary Academics of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, was a foreign writer ...

But this is the fate of the Russian writer for very few exceptions.” Kalugin V. Used the materials of the site a large encyclopedia of the Russian people. Arkhangelsk,; Culs of bread and his adventures.