The biography of Elizarov is famous

Ilizarov Gabriel and at the same time there are not so many names in it that are known far beyond the medical sphere. Such infrequent people can be attributed to one of, without exaggeration, the greatest doctors of the last century - Gabriel Abramovich Ilizarov, the creator of the famous orthopedic apparatus, bearing his name. Gabriel was born on June 15 in the family of a Mountain Jew - a veteran of the First World War, in the town of Beloveozh of the Belovoka Voivodeship of Poland - his mother came from this city.

He was an older child in a large poor family, whose head was interrupted by random earnings. But several years passed, and repressive campaigns unfolded in the country, which touched the senior Elizarov and this is how the real surname of the future luminaries of orthopedics sounded. After the arrest, the children changed the middle name and even the surname - they became the Ilizarovs.

The fate of a family member of the "enemy of the people" in those years was unenviable. Relatives refused them, did not let them on the threshold. Gabriel lived with his mother and brothers with sisters in an abandoned house on the outskirts of Kusar. There was a real prospect of starvation, and the boy had to go to work as a shepherd. Of course, there was no time to learn to him, the eldest in the family, who had been worried about providing the younger ones.

And, perhaps, this would pass Gabriel Abramovich sheep on mountain lawns to gray hair, but once there was a case that settled in it an interest in medicine. Who could know that food poisoning will lead to the main life aspiration? The local paramedic, who was poisoned by the pears of the boy, was poisoned by chemicals, whose manipulations seemed to him a real magic. After many years, Ilizarov himself will be called a real wizard.

It was not easy to become a doctor, although the need for professional doctors in the country everything increased and increased. And even more so, it was not easy to do this to a rural boy who, by his age, had never even attended school. He had to master the sciences in a short free time. As a result, when Gabriel nevertheless went to school, he managed to pass the exterior exams for elementary grades at once, and ended up immediately in the fifth.

In a lag, he graduated ahead of schedule, after which he left for the city of Buinaksk, where at that time a medical rabfak worked - a specialized educational institution to prepare for admission to Medvuz, and successfully overcome the program could be accepted without exams. Ilizarov did not just successfully defeat her - he literally slipped her in just a year.

In the year, Gabriel Abramovich became a student of the Crimean State Medical Institute named after I. When Ilizarov graduated from the second year, the Great Patriotic War began. Like millions of his peers, he was eager for the front, but the country needed medical personnel. In the year, Ilizarov completed his studies, becoming a certified doctor, and again began to ask for the front.

But the need for doctors, especially in the province, did not weaken, and he was refused. By distribution, he was sent to the Kurgan region - the region with which Gabriel Abramovich had to connect his whole life. Ilizarov began his medical activity as an ordinary doctor in the remote village of Dolvka. They lived there poorly, almost in the afterburn, almost cut off from civilization due to the lack of normal roads.

The doctors in the village were rare, and he had to master everything that was possible - he took birth, struggled with infectious diseases, treated the consequences of injuries and front -line wounds. Of course, there was no question of any cars-in the event of a distant call, the doctor harnessed the sled and rode on horses. And, having finished the shift, Ilizarov continued to self -improve, reading medical literature.

Throughout his life, he carried an unusual performance, working around the clock with short breaks. In addition, in the year his mother and sisters moved to him, whom he continued to help financially. From the rural period of Ilizarov’s work, his special interest in traumatology came out, especially in the methodology for treating the consequences of injuries.

I must say that, in principle, from Pirogov times at that time, the methodology for treating fractures through a gypsum dressing has practically no changes. Meanwhile, almost a hundred years have passed since the invention. Once, Gabriel Abramovich came across a medical journal, where the theoretical scheme of the experimental apparatus was represented, intended for fusing bones. The idea of ​​the authors, unfortunately, was unsuccessful, consisted of a knitting needle passed through a broken bone and fixed with rods.

They never managed to solve a significant problem - it was worth telling the bones the slightest load, as it broke, aggravating the situation. Since then, Gabriel Abramovich “fell ill” with the desire to create his own apparatus, which could be faster and more efficiently treating fractures. He turned his own shed into a workshop, experimenting with materials day and night, even attracted to the construction of collective farm locksmiths.So the first, still quite raw version of the future famous device for the whole world, was born.

The first cured by his help was a village harmonist who went on crutches due to the consequences of bone tuberculosis. And, although operating in the conditions of a rural infirmary was a risky event, the result was beyond praise. After a short time, the guy threw off the crutches, and even then learned to dance. In the year, Ilizarov was transferred to the regional hospital in Kurgan, where he continued medical practice.

He was often sent to remote areas as part of sanitary aviation brigades. In parallel, he continues to improve his apparatus, consulted with metallurgists, choosing perfectly suitable material. After two years of his work in Kurgan, he presented his development, and received permission to experimental treatment. The first patient, cured with the help of a new device, was a woman who could no longer stand on her feet due to tuberculosis of the knee joint.

The principle of operation of the apparatus as a whole was simple as everything brilliant - it consisted of rings and spokes passing through the bone and connecting to each other using special pin. In turn, these pins were equipped with screws for the better regulation of the growing bone - this is how it turned out either to pull out the bone, or, conversely, compress it.

This was especially useful in order to avoid such injuries as the appearance of a limb imbalance. In the year, the device was officially patented. True, colleagues in medicine reacted to the new method not very positively, some completely criticized, calling Ilizarov “shrub” and “locksmith”. Ilizarov continued to develop his unique methodology as the head of the Orthodopopedic and Traumatological Department of the Kurgan Regional Hospital of War Veterans.

He managed to put patients on the feet of even the most serious injuries, sometimes in a matter of days. Gabriel Abramovich simultaneously with the use of his apparatus developed a whole system of supporting treatment and nursing patients. Rumors about the ingenious doctor quickly spread first in the Kurgan region, then throughout the Soviet Union, and then went beyond the limits of the country.

He had not yet been forty years old when thousands of people stood in line, and some even specially moved to Kurgan for the sake of treatment, since it was easier for a local one to get to the reception. But the difference between folk and official recognition for a long time remained the size of the abyss. Ilizarov worked as an ordinary head of the department for no less ordinary hospital, of which thousands throughout the country.

But among his patients sometimes came true celebrities of those years. Among them was an outstanding Soviet jump, champion of Roman and Tokyo Olympic Games Valery Nikolaevich Brumel. In the year, he crashed greatly on his motorcycle - at the Sklifosovsky Institute, he literally gathered a fragmented right leg in pieces, barely avoiding amputation. Over the next three years, Brumel underwent 32 operations, but he could not return to the original form.

And he would have remained with a disabled person who was written off at best for coaching, but the athlete turned to Ilizarov. In the year, he was treated for five months, and already two months after rehabilitation he was able to return to the sport. Brumel turned out to be a restless patient, and a year later he was again injured, this time already his left leg, and again Ilizarov put him on his feet.

Only in the year, after the next injury and disability, did he finally abandoned the sport. Brumel wrote a letter to the Central Party Printing Organ, and since then Moscow drew attention to the Kurgan doctor. In the year, according to the defense of the candidate dissertation, he was immediately assigned a doctoral degree, taking into account the importance of his achievements in the field of medicine.

In the year in the Kurgan they create a branch of the Leningrad Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R. Darken, who is appointed Ilizarov. And a couple later, the branch acquires the status of an independent medical institution-from now on and in the future it is the Kurgan Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. In the year, he received the status of the All -Union.

Ilizarov did not get less work, even opposite. It will not be an exaggeration to say that the institute he head was, in fact, the place of pilgrimage for patients from different parts of the USSR and the whole world, and for many of them - the place of the last hope to return to a normal, full -fledged life. In the early xs, the cellist Mstislav Rostropovich brought to the mound of a seriously ill composer Dmitry Shostakovich, who for many years suffered from side amyotrophic sclerosis.

And, although at first Ilizarov did not want to take this case, because he believed that other doctors should deal with such a problem, but he was able to persuade him to try. As a result, Shostakovich’s condition improved, he lived a few more years, having managed to add his last symphony - the fifteenth.Ilizarov worked, not sparing himself, continuing to develop new methods of treating various injuries.

He possessed more than two hundred patents for inventions, published more than six hundred scientific works. The awards in the years poured on him like from a cornucopia. In the year, he was awarded the Order of Lenin, in the year - the second, and in the year - they awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, which was quite a rarity for the scientist. He became an academician of the Academy of Sciences, and was elected a member of many foreign medical organizations.

The life of a brilliant doctor broke off on July 24, when his heart worn out by constant work suddenly stopped. He was buried at the Ryabkovsky cemetery in the mound. The name Ilizarov is already surrounded by a halo of honor. His institute is still working, and now he bears the name of his legendary founder. The inventions of Gabriel Abramovich today, many years after the death of the Creator, are returning to life to many people.

So, in the year, the institute was returned to the great motorsport of the famous racer Vladimir Chagin, the seven -time winner of the “Rally Dakar”, who received a serious fracture during the most banal trial race. The Ilizarovsk Institute today remains one of the advanced medical institutions of our country, continuing to highly bear the name of its creator. Cover: Gabriel Ilizarov and his device.