Biography d Swift

His parents were among the English colonialists who were hated by the indigenous population. Therefore, the future writer felt in his homeland, as in a foreign land.

Since childhood, he was deprived of parental affection and care. The father died before the birth of his son, and the mother, having trusted the one -year -old baby with the care of the nurse, left for England, where she lived until the end of her days. Jonathan was engaged in his uncle Godvin. Swift received education and the beginning of creativity at Dublin University, which was famous for its traditions of teaching literature, ancient languages ​​and theological sciences.

Here Jonathan became interested in literary work. At the end of the university, a talented, educated, but poor young man could choose only between the professions of a lawyer and a church minister. Swift decided to become a priest. Political riots in Ireland soon forced the writer to leave for England. There he got a job as secretary to Lord William Temple, a rich aristocrat.

Communication with politicians and writers gave Swift the opportunity to keep abreast of the latest news of the social and cultural life of England, and the luxurious library helped him fill the gaps in education. Over the incomplete ten years of staying in the service of Lord Tempopa, Swift became a professional writer, which was marked by his first mature satirical works - “Battle of Books” and “The Tale of the Barrel”.

Swift indicated his name on the cover of the book, although criticism could damage the author’s career. Despite the danger, Swift consistently performed with satirical poems, articles and pamphlets, in which he ridiculed the vices of secular and church life. The political career of Jonathan Swift was in the center of London political life: he visited numerous techniques in palaces, met with ministers and public figures, plunged into the struggle of the two main political parties in England - Tori and Vigi.

Political activity and artistic work strengthened its popularity. And the authorities found a way to get rid of him: Swift was appointed dean of the rector of St. Patrick's Cathedral in Dublin. The writer took this purpose as a political exile and the collapse of all his hopes. But even far from the English capital, Swift continued to expose the madness of existing laws, fraud of businessmen, and hypocrisy of politicians.

In the new pamphlets, he defended the rights of the Irish people who suffered under the oppression of the English crown. In one of his most famous pamphlets, “letters of the cloth,” the writer frankly called the Irish to the struggle for freedom. Swift became the national hero of Ireland. The last years of Swift’s life were overshadowed by a serious illness, the writer died in the meaning of Jonathan Swift’s life, the epitaph, compiled by him himself, accurately: “The body of Jonathan Swift, the dean of this cathedral, and the harsh indignation no longer tearing his heart.

Go, traveler, and imitate, if you can, to the one who courageously fought for the matter of freedom. " Today, “Gulliver’s travels” are mainly perceived as a literary fairy tale. But J. Swift wrote his book not at all for children and least of all wanted to please the audience frivolous inventions. Under the guise of simple-minded stories of the ship doctor Lemuel Gulliver, the writer outlined his own considerations regarding the socio-political life of England and the development of mankind in general.

The allegorical content of the plot of “Gulliver travels” was a satirical image to the modern author of reality. The book consists of four parts. In each of them, the writer chooses a new item for criticism. Schematically, the plot can be presented as follows: the country of Liliputov. The baseness and meaninglessness of the public order. The country of the giants.

The terrible power of power, the reverse bloody side of human history. Lapo, Balnibarbs, Lagnega and others. The infertility of science, divorced from life. The country of Guyngnmes of reasonable horses and echo entangled people. Unreasonable and immoral behavior of the human community. Each part of the book contains criticism of a certain sphere of human life, and at the end of the narrative it seems that the writer does not leave a stone on a stone from ordinary ideas about society, politics, state, power, science, and morality.

The writer considered ridicule the writer considered the moral and social diseases of mankind.