The biography of the Stakhanovts

Between these, at first glance, absolutely diverse events are a very close connection. The leader and director at this point Aleksandrov was already quite Registered by Stalin: he had the highest award of the country - the Order of Lenin, was awarded the Order of the Red Star and was awarded the honorary title of Honored Artist of the RSFSR, Aleksandrov hoped that the new film comedy would bring him new honors.

The plot is win -win! The main character is the illiterate village girl Tanya Morozova, who goes from the housekeeper to the advanced weaver. It differs in the fight against pests, becomes a participant in the Stakhanov movement and achieves outstanding successes in labor intensification: instead of the due 8 machines, he manages to monitor the whole workshop in machine tools.

As a result - the Order of Lenin on the chest, a separate apartment with a radio receiver, love with a charming advanced engineer in the final engineer, who became the director of the weaving factory attention: on his chest is the Order of the Labor Red Banner, and the noble weaver -deputy walk around the All -Union exhibition and admire the national statue of Stalin. The picture is simply doomed to a grand success.

But Stalin sharply rejected the picture. He did not show off Alexandrov with new awards. The director was hopelessly mistaken in his calculations. Why did he not please the owner? Orders and medals in the desire of the recent Cinderella to become an engineer was not anything out of the ordinary. A powerful ascending social mobility has begun in the country - today it would be called high -speed social elevators.

They raised upstairs workers and collective farmers, politicians and military. At the end of the year, personal military ranks were introduced in the Red Army, and five people received the title of Marshal of the Soviet Union. In December, the title of Hero of Socialist Labor was established.

By the year, when Alexandrov made his film, the formation of the new Soviet elite was completed - party, military, economic, creative. Social elevators have lost their relevance. And at the same time the bureaucratic campaign ended on the widespread planting of the Stakhanov movement. The war stood at the threshold, the country needed not eminent workers, hitting records, but mobile and, most importantly, undemanding multimillion -dollar labor resources.

What will happen to the country if every weaver begins to build his life, focusing on Tanya Morozova? If every drummer wants to receive a separate apartment for his selfless work, a car, the status of a deputy of the Supreme Council, a diploma of an engineer, a handsome husband - director with higher education? Yes, and the order?! It is no coincidence that two new medals appeared in the last days of the outgoing year - "For Labor Valor" and "For Labor Distinction".

State awards for workers, collective farmers and ordinary employees are not higher. That is why in the year the merits of Tanya Morozova could be marked by any of these medals, but not in any way the Order of Lenin, granted from the directorial generosity. And he, as luck would have it, cuts his eyes in the final shots of the film: actress Lyubov Orlova several times changes luxurious toilets, sewn by the legendary fashion designer Nadezhda Lamanova, but each time she see the brand new Order of Lenin on his chest of the heroine, too, the leader did not like.

A frame from the film A truce and unauthorized will be fair. Both the author of the script Victor Ardov, and director Grigory Alexandrov, was by no means sinned against the truth. Tanya Morozova had a real prototype - the weaver of Dusya Vinogradov, whose name in the middle of X knew the whole country1. Dusya was modest, smart and surprisingly beautiful. Dusya Vinogradov and the Order of Lenin received, and the deputy of the Supreme Council became by no means nominally.

Over time, she became the director of the weaving factory, worked conscientiously and honestly. However, in her life there was neither secular shine nor luxurious toilets2, from which Alexandrov could not resist. The filmmaker cannot be blamed. Such was the aesthetics of socialist realism: to show the life what it should be. And the reality was completely different.

And what was appropriate in the circumstances of the year, when the Stakhanov movement arose and Stalin uttered the winged phrase "Living became better, life became more fun", was not suitable for the year. In accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 2, "On State Labor Reserves of the USSR", the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR received the right to mobilize from thousands to 1 million young men annually for their subsequent training in craft and railway schools and schools of factory training.

Students lived in a barracks and in full state support. The state was also engaged in their subsequent employment - social mobility was especially excluded almost completely. By this time, in the USSR, the employee no longer had a legal opportunity to change his work of his own free will. Even in the summer, the decree was adopted on the prohibition of unauthorized departure of workers and employees from enterprises and institutions.

The same decree introduced criminal liability for unauthorized care or absenteeism.The Soviet workers were translated, in fact, to the position of the posts of the times of Peter the Great, who were attributed to factories and factories in whole villages and villages. The normative acts adopted on the eve of the war will be canceled only in the spring of the year. The elite and people of the former marine officer and diplomat Mikhail Sergeyevich Roshchakovsky - in the Butyrish prison chamber, prophetically opened his eyes to another “enemy of the people” of Lev Emmanuilovich to accelerate: “Well, darling, stop pretending a fool and ask me stupid questions!

Of course, as it should be, the elite will produce an elite, officials - officials, engineers - engineers, workers - workers, peasants - peasants children of ministers will not go to workers, and professorship daughters will not marry your collective farmers and partitions of the estate in Russia will be higher and stronger than in the old. Because they will finish it, my friend, with this freedom, spit the state in the face, with this intelligentsian rash, with all this legacy of Nekrasovsky.

Stand on the Volga! .. This Nekrasovsky man will be twisted into the ram of horn, he will not dare to pick up, he will be attached to the ground and will not work for conscience, but for fear! And the worker will work the same way. Until he understands that he went on horseback - so for his conscience, and when he understands - so for fear of fear in Rus' - I’ll tell you exactly!

.. And this immediately reflected in the most important of the arts. Let us recall the musical film of Ivan Alexandrovich Pyryev "Swinar and the shepherd" The noble pig of Glasha connects his fate with the noble shepherd Musaib, and none of them becomes either a deputy or a great boss. In another musical film, Pyryev’s “Kuban Cossacks” is also created by “socially close ones” - the chairman of the collective farm “Ilyich's Zeights” Galina Ermolaevna Peresvetova Marina Ladynina and the chairman of the Red Partisan collective farm Gordey Gordeevich Raven Sergey Lukyanov.

In the musical film of Alexandrova “Spring”, new couples are also carefully verified: the director of the Sun, the scientific lady and cavalier of the Order of Lenin Irina Petrovna Nikitina Lyubov Orlova connects with the director and laureate of two Stalin Prizes Arkady Mikhailovich Gromov Nikolai Cherkasov, and the frivolous and mischievous artist Vera Georgievna Lyubov Lyubov Lyubov Lyubov Orlova - with a fashionably dressed journalist Viktor Semenovich Roshchin Mikhail Sidorkin.

And even in the war, in the famous musical comedy "Heavenly Tikhokhod", the squadron commander Major Vasily Vasilyevich Bulochkin Nikolai Kryuchkov becomes the son-in-law of Major General, the commander of the aviation division in which he serves. In these and subsequent iconic films, for example, in the "Wedding with the Dowry", there are no Cinderella who marries fabulous princes.

And no mezalians! The foreman can afford to take a link to his wife, and the link - to marry the foreman. But the director of the collective farm is no longer her field of berry! Politically surviving wedding of two collective farm chairmen. This is the only way to win. That is why the leader almost simultaneously criticizes the film “The Bright Way” far from life and holds the All -Union party conference, which demanded “resolutely turn the attention of party organizations towards the maximum concern about the needs and interests of industry and transport”.

For the first time at the Supreme Party Forum, not a word was said either about the struggle against the "enemies of the people", or the eradication of the next intra -party slope. No ideological wordoblium. Only hard pragmatism. The conference approved the plan for the development of the national economy for a year. The plan scheduled the accelerated development of the decisive sectors of the national economy, the creation of the necessary state reserves and mobilization reserves.

Much attention was paid to strengthening the industrial base in the east of the USSR, which played an important role in the Great Patriotic War. The economy began to hardly transfer to military rails; After February, this process gained a new quality: the authorities significantly strengthened the degree of militarization of all spheres of society. The dream of a cute weaver Tanya Morozova, “The dream is beautiful, not yet clear in the Soviet Cinderella of the sample of the year there was no chance to wait for his fairy -tale prince.

Dusie Vinogradova had a shift - Marusya Vinogradov. There were two irreconcilable rivals. The whole country and personally comrade Stalin, who uttered a historical phrase, followed their competition:“ We’ll see you, “Look Take it! During the All -Union Meeting of the Stakhanovites of the year between Dusse Vinogradova and Stalin, eloquent dialogue took place. Dusya Vinogradova: “What is our earnings?

If I used to earn rubles a month, now, when working on machines, my earnings reaches rubles. Look how I raised my salary! But when salary rubles a month, you won’t order a dresser Lamanova. Lifting L. Subscribe to us in dzen news about the past and reports about the present.