Botticelli is brief biography
The main source of information about the biography of the master and his creative path is the historical and artistic book of Georgio Vazari Giorgio Vasari “Biography”. Youth years and education The future artist was born in the year, in Freet Firenze, in the family of a poor artisan. His father, Mariano di Giovanni Filipepi, was engaged in overthrow of the skin, held a small workshop, but the matter did not bring huge income.
Of the four children, Sandro was abbreviated from Alessandro was the youngest child. One of his older brothers, Antonio, became a jeweler, two others, Giovanni and Simone, devoted themselves to commerce. The primary education of Sandro was quite traditional for that time, like all the children of the Filipepy family, he attended the parish school of the Dominican Church of the Santa Maria-Nolla Basilica di Santa Maria Novella.
When the father died, worries about the maintenance of the family fell on the shoulders of the eldest son Giovanni. Having become a prosperous merchant by that time, he was distinguished by a large physique, for which he received the nickname “Botticelle”, which means translated into Russian “barrel”, which later passed to other brothers. From an early age, Sandro showed a tendency to art.
The talented summer teenager was first sent to study at the jewelry workshop of the older brother Antonio. Later, in years, on the recommendation of Georgio Antonio Vespucci Giorgio Antonio Vespucci, a neighbor of the Filippe family, a gifted young man went to comprehend the subtleties of painting in the city of Prato Prato, located 20 km from Florence. Returning to his hometown, Sandro continued his education.
He became the apprentice of the Florentine sculptor and painter, Andrea Del Verrrokrocco Andrea del Verrocchio, one of the students of which was at that time the young Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo da Vinci. The creative path from the end of the 10ths of Sandro Botticelli began to receive large individual orders. Soon he opened his own workshop. The first independent works in many respects resembled the works of Botticelli teachers, but over time, the young artist managed to find his unique style.
At the beginning of his creative path, he successfully realized himself as a portrait, the customers were noble townspeople. Sandro Botticelli’s success is inextricably linked with the name Medici Medici, representatives of the influential clan provided great support for the artist’s talent, constantly providing him with work. He often attended the meetings of the Platonov Academy in Kandzhi, which was under the patronage of Lorenzo Great Lorenzo di Piero de Medici Il Magnifico.
Neoplatonic ideas, violently discussed in the walls of the Medici villas, determined the idealistic orientation and humanistic motifs in the artist’s works. The glory of an outstanding painter quickly spread beyond Florence. The period of the crisis of the event of the cultural, social and political life of Florence left a deep mark in the artist’s work. In the X years, Botticelli, by nature, like most geniuses, is susceptible and distinguished by a subtle mental organization, he was influenced by a fanatical monk and reformer Girolamo Savonarola Girolamo Savonarola, which became actually an unspoken ruler of the city.
The champion of morality zealously condemned the Medici tyranny and the unbridled life of close to an influential clan in his sermons. Savonarola considered any manifestation of love and beauty sinful, along with his supporters, he publicly burned works of art and secular books. According to Giorgio Vazari, Botticelli personally threw his canvases into bonfires, diluted in one of the Square of Florence.
He practically ceased to engage in painting, which is why he spent the rest of his life in great need. The works created by Botticelli in the late period of creativity were distinguished by asceticism and restraint of the color scheme. Savonarol himself was condemned and accused of heresy, which became a great shock for the artist. In the year, by order of Pope Alexander VI, Borgia, the monk was executed.
The Love and Muse of the painter about the personal life of Sandro Botticelli have been preserved little information. It is known that he was never married, and had no children. The beautiful maid posed for a large number of Botticelli's paintings. Simonetta died at the age of 23, but even after her, the artist commits her for many years to draw his muse from memory, considering her captivating image the ideal of female beauty.
Old age and death, the last documentary mention of Botticelli's life dates back to a year. The surviving sources indicate that the artist was a member of the special city commission, the authoritative decision of which determined the place for the establishment of the statue of David, the work of Michelangelo Michelangelo. The later years of life, the masters were overshadowed by serious illness and poverty.
Botticelli spent a long time alone, he died in the year, at the age of 65. The paintings of the canvas created by the master in the early and mature periods of creativity are unsurpassed examples of poetic painting. They read the fascination of the artist with the ideas of ancient civilization.Botticelli’s unique style implies the construction of a complex, mythological composition filled with allegorical images.
In the works of the painter, an elusive atmosphere of spirituality is felt. In the paintings of the late period, a deep spiritual crisis is felt. The changed worldview of the author was reflected in a number of his works, filled with drama and even some nervousness. The lyricism, linear rhythm and the rainbow palette gave way to artistic means characteristic of the art of the Gothic period.
The birth of Venus "Birth of Venus" is one of the most recognizable works of the artist. The date of its creation is considered years. According to one version, Botticelli painted a picture by order of the cousin Lorenzo the Gorgeous. The plot is based on the story of the appearance of Venus from the sea foam, the beautiful goddess of carnal love and beauty in ancient Greek mythology her name is Aphrodite.
The heroine is depicted naked, taking a bashful pose, she stands in a sink floating along the waves. The marshmallow and aura create a breath of wind, helping to get to the shore, where the nymph of the seasons Ora awaits the goddess, preparing for her a cloak with patterns of flowers. Botticelli's work is permeated with spirituality. In the tender face of Venus, the image of the Madonna is traced, and the outlines of her elegant body resemble ancient Greek statues.
The emotional atmosphere is also transmitted thanks to the compositional solution: the figures are symmetrically located against the background of the peaceful sky and the sea, which enhances the feeling of a harmonious union of spiritual and bodily beauty. Botticelli's masterpiece uniting time is located in the Galleria Degli Uffizi Uffizi Gallery, in Florence. I advise you to visit an individual excursion to the Uffizi Gallery on which you will see the masterpieces of Italian masters and learn interesting facts.
Spring the mysterious picture "Spring" was written in the year, by order of Lorenzo the Magnificent. The artist drew inspiration in the works of ancient Roman authors. Botticelli depicted the scene from the philosophical poem Lucretius "On the nature of things." Some heroes of the picture are prototypes of the work of Ovid "Fasts", which tells about the holidays and the sacred days of ancient Rome.
Mythological characters gathered in the flowering meadow of an orange grove are an allegory of the parish of spring. The composition creates a feeling of soaring dance, in gestures and poses of the heroes you feel incredible lightness and rhythm. Disputes of art historians about the true plan of the artist do not stop for many years. Researchers tend to see in the picture a deep philosophical, Christian and even political subtext.
Up to a year, the work "Vesna" belonged to representatives of the Medici family. After almost 70 years, the work of Botticelli got into the Uffizi Gallery, however, for a long time it was not available to the general public as it was stored in the museum reserves. Glory and fame came only at the beginning of the 20th century. Today this picture is one of the main exhibits of the gallery.
The worship of the Magi are an approximate date for the creation of the painting “The worship of the Magi” is considered a year. Botticelli’s work, depicting a well -known biblical scene, was so delighted with contemporaries that about 7 copyright copies were ordered to the master. The artist’s work was intended to decorate the funeral chapel in the basilica of Santa Maria-Nella, the main Dominican church of Florence.
The New Testament plot popular in the Renaissance is performed by a deep allegorical meaning. The special value of the picture is in her heroes, the image of each character is associated with a real historical person: representatives of the Medici dynasty, their close -minded nobles and honorary townspeople. In the right corner - the self -portrait of Botticelli himself, he appears to be a blond young man in a golden mantle.
Bright color scheme, dynamism of the composition, accuracy of the drawing, attention to the smallest details enhance the solemnity and festivities of the work. Botticelli's magnificent picture is included in the art collection of the Uffizi Gallery. Venus and Mars the mythological work “Venus and Mars” was created by an artist approximately in the year. The work was ordered by one of the representatives of the Florentine Vespucci Vespucci family, which is confirmed by the image of Roy OS in the upper right corner of the picture - a heraldic symbol of a noble and rich kind.
The appeal to the legacy of ancient culture was typical of the art of the Renaissance. In allegorical images, humanistic ideas are clearly read. Venus symbolizes love, beauty and female power, capable of pacifying the whispering energy of the god of war. In the half -naked, sleeping figure of Mars, serenity and absolute peace are felt.
In the background, mischievous faunes are jokingly played with weapons and armor, which turned out to be unnecessary when harmony and love reign. Mystical Christmas The picture "Mystical Christmas" dates from a year. The work dates back to the late period of the artist’s work, when Botticelli was passionate about religious ideas and tragically perceived the surrounding reality.At this time, after the death of the ruler Lorenzo the Magnificent, Florence was covered by political and military unrest.
The troubled situation, which has developed in his hometown, and acute internal experiences, close to depressive disappointment, were reflected in the apocalyptic nature of the work. People who have come to bow to the baby of Christ are dressed in modern clothes. The three main angels in the upper part of the picture personify gratitude, justice and truth are the highest values that Savonarola spoke about in one of his sermons.
It is noteworthy that among the heroes of the work there are no biblical shepherds and magi. At the same time, in the lower part of the picture, the artist portrayed demons trying to hide underground - images characteristic of the topic of the Last Judgment. The complicated and largely mysterious work of Botticelli has been in the London National Gallery since the year. I live in Rome and live Rome.
I spend copyright excursions at dawn, so that everyone, like me ten years ago, fall in love with the eternal city at first sight. On the topic of the article, please ask questions in the comments. I try to answer everyone at least once a day. Your questions, reviews and comments on the topic of the article are important! Please evaluate the article! Natalia Pchelnikova.