I am a biography

About the life and work of Yaroslav Gashek was born on April 30 in Prague, in the family of a teacher of a real gymnasium, who later became bank employees. When the father died, Yaroslav was 13 years old. B - entered the commercial school by the official name - the Trade Academy. He independently studied the Russian language, began to get involved in literature. Gashek's childhood passed in need.

For participation in the demonstration, he was expelled from the gymnasium, worked for some time, then studied at a trading school. After graduating from the school, he entered the service in one of the banks of Prague. Among the ways to earn on a piece of bread were editing the magazine "Animal World" and dog trading. The reason for the gap with anarchism was the conflict of Gashek with one of the leaders of the anarchists, who was later exposed as an agent of the secret police.

In Yaroslav Gashkka, he worked as a reporter of the city chronicle department in the national socialist newspaper Chemchy Word. In February, he was drafted into the Austro-Hungarian army. He began to serve as part of 91 infantry regiment. Having become the right hand of the clerk Vanek, he got the opportunity to constantly evade the exercises and write not only the "history of the regiment", but also poems and prose.

After a short stay in the bridge-on-Litava, Gashkay got to the front in Galicia, where he acted as a tenant and orderly, participated in the battle of Mount Sokal and received a silver medal for courage. Two and a half months later, September 23, at Horupan, he surrendered to Russian. In the spring, Yaroslav entered the Czechoslovak military part of the Czechoslovak legion created in Russia, where the clerk of the First Volunteer Regiment was listed.

In Moscow he joined the RCP B, becoming a member of the Czechoslovak section. Yaroslav Hashka collaborated in the newspaper of the Czech left-wing Social Democrats in Russia "Piropolnik" "pioneer", urging their countrymen "believe the Russian revolution." Since October, he was on party, political and administrative work in the political department of the 5th Army of the Eastern Front, collaborated in front-line newspapers, editing revolutionary publications intended for former prisoners of war.

Together with the 5th army, he walked from Bugulma to Irkutsk. Gaska, together with his wife, an employee of the Ufa printing house, Alexandra Gavrilovna Lvova, went to Czechoslovakia. He arrived in Prague on December 20, after the left wing of the Czech Social-Democratic Party was defeated. The secret police set the surveillance behind Gashek. Many old friends turned away from him, newspapers wrote about him as a traitor, and obstructed necrologies in connection with his "death".

The first humor, written after returning, are printed in the national-socialist “Word” and the liberal “Tribune”, in the bourgeois cabaret “Seven Cherve”, he acts with the memories of how he was a “People’s Commissar”. At the same time, it is printed in the communist "Rud Right" and "Srshatz". Since September, Y. Gashkashki lived in the town of Lipnitsa in the southeastern Czech Republic.

In October, he moved from a tavern to his own house. The health status of Yaroslav Gashek, who had moved Tif in Russia, worsened. He could no longer write and on December 29 for the last time dictated the lines for Schweik. At 4 o’clock in the morning of January 3, Hashka signed his testament, said: “Schweik dies heavy” - and turned away to the wall.

A few hours later he died. At the funeral from the Czech literary world was attended by one Yaroslav Panushka. Gashek's friends did not believe the message about his death, believing that this is another mystification. During the life of Hashki, he became the hero of a series of jokes, most of whom himself composed. The theme of the satire of Yaroslav Gashek is the Austrian bureaucracy, the Catholic Church, the pre -election fraud, the criticism of the state school, fake charity, unconditional military diligence.

Only from the year of Hashka for their signature or under various pseudonyms they are still not all installed, but now more than eighty are known, published more than a thousand stories and feuilleton. He was an author or took part in the creation of a dozen plays, wrote two novels and a story for children were subsequently lost. Hashka is considered the author of about one and a half thousand works.

He published some of them personally, but a very large amount of work was published after his death. The novel about Schweik aroused enormous interest in the entire great literary inheritance of Gashek, in his stories and feuilletons, but it turned out that it was not so easy to understand his literary heritage. All pseudonyms under which it was printed in Czech newspapers and magazines are still not known, not all Czech editions of Russia have been preserved in the archives.

And the writer’s biography itself: service in three armies, life in two empires and two republics, does not really contribute to the search for his works. Therefore, it is not surprising that the new books under the authorship of Gashek are still published. Memory in honor of Yaroslav Gashek is named asteroid - Hashka. In honor of his most famous character, an asteroid - Schweik is named.

In many cities of the world, in honor of Yaroslav Gashek, streets, libraries are named, and the number of monuments to Joseph Schweik even exceeds the number of monuments of Gasheku himself.Surprisingly, in the Czech Republic itself there is not a single monument to Schweik, and the first monument to the writer appeared only in October of the year.

There are several museums of Yaroslav Gashek in the world. In the year, the first such museum appeared in Bugulm. The museum in Lipnitsa was created by the grandson of Gashek Richard, who began to collect the collection after the death of his father, in the x years. In the year, in Russia, the name of Yaroslav Gashek was named the oil tanker launched.