Biography of Mlubkin

VKontakte classmates of the years of the birth of Ivan Mikhailovich Gubkin, a neuft geologist, one of the first creators and heads of the USSR Geological Service Ivan Mikhailovich Gubkin was born on September 21 in the village of Pozdnyakovo, Murom district of the Vladimir province in the family of a poor peasant. In the year he graduated from the Kirzhach teacher seminary and worked as a rural teacher in the Murom district.

In the years he studied at the St. Petersburg teacher's institute, and then worked as a teacher of the city school in St. Petersburg. In the year he entered the St. Petersburg Mining Institute, after which he was enrolled in the year as a researcher at the Geological Committee. The October Revolution of the year found Ivan Mikhailovich in the United States, where he was sent to study the oil fields of America.

Upon returning from the United States in the year, I. Gubkin actively participated in the organization of the mountain and geological service of Soviet Russia. Having entered the year on the instructions of V. Lenin to the Commission of the Main Oil Committee, I. Gubkin, until the end of his life, occupied leading posts in central institutions who were in charge of the oil industry and the USSR Geological Service.

In the year, on the initiative of I. Gubkin, the magazine "Oil and Slantsy" was organized with. I. Gubkin took an active part in the organization of higher mining and research work. In years, he was the rector of the Moscow Mining Academy, where he organized the departments in various sections of the oil science, on the basis of which the Moscow Oil Institute was created in the year.

In these educational institutions, at the initiative of Ivan Mikhailovich, special courses were created: oil fields of the USSR, oil fields of foreign countries, the doctrine of oil and a number of others. For the scientific development of a complex of oil issues on the initiative of I. Gubkin, the State Research Oil Institute was founded in the year, reorganized in the year at the Institute of Fuel Fossils of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Ivan Mikhailovich was a permanent leader of these scientific institutions. He took an active part in resolving the issues of industrial development of the Urals, Siberia, the Far East, Transcaucasia. I. Gubkin thoroughly took up scientific activity in the year while still a student of the St. Petersburg Mining Institute, began with the study of the mountains of the northern coast of Lake Ladoga and research in the Maykop oil region of the North Caucasus.

In the works on the geology and petition of the Maykop district, published in years, I. Gubkin resolved two major problems of oil geology. He proposed a new method for constructing maps of the underground relief of oil strata. This method of compiling geological and structural maps was then widespread in the USSR and other countries. For the first time in the world, I.

Gubkin established a new sleeve type of oil deposits, which in America became known much later than the "cord deposits". Gubkin’s discovery of such oil deposits, which later received the general name of “stratigraphic”, revealed to the oil workers the broad prospects for the search for oil in new geological conditions. In the same works, Ivan Mikhailovich first drew the attention of geologists to the need to study the location of ancient coastal lines, laying the foundations of the paleogeography of oil fields.

Thanks to the works of I. Gubkin, rich oil deposits in the Maykop region were identified. In the year, I. Gubkin worked on the Taman Peninsula, where with his studies he significantly developed and complemented the previous ideas about the geological structure of the region and established new forms of tectonics - the dignified folds with the nuclei of the piercing.

Since the year, Ivan Mikhailovich began to study the geology and oil -resistance of the Apheron Peninsula and adjacent regions, where he determined the conditions of the occurrence and the age of the productive stratum, which are associated with the richest oil deposits of Azerbaijan, developed the stratigraphy of tertiary deposits and the chalk system. In the Kuban, I. Gubkin first allocated the Maykop retinue, and on the Taman Peninsula he opened the Akchagyl layers and established the presence of layers of the lower Sarmat, spaniododell and Chokrak-Spiriilian layers, as well as the Tarkhansky horizon.

As a result of the work carried out by the scientists, the issues of the geological history of the tertiary period of the territory of the entire Caucasus were clarified and the original coverage of stratigraphy, tectonics and the prospects for the oil and the prospects of the areas studied by him were given. These discoveries of I. Gubkin served as the basis for the search for new oil fields.

With his geological research conducted after the October Revolution of the year, I. Gubkin solved a number of major problems. He created the doctrine of the laws of the spread and origin of mud volcanoes and their connection with their oil fields was established. I. Gubkin reported the results of his works on this issue at the session of the International Geological Congress and published in a special monograph a year, where he showed that gas and oil -paced and mud volcanicism are genetically associated with the anticlinal structures of the dietary type.The theory of mud volcanism, created by Ivan Mikhailovich, resolved the question of evaluating the significance of areas that were previously unfavorable for preserving oil deposits.

Powerful oil fountains, soon obtained in the regions of the development of mud volcanoes indicated by Gubkin, confirmed the correctness of its theoretical conclusions. In the future, I. Gubkin carried out work on the study of the genesis and conditions for the formation of oil deposits of the North Caucasus and indicated the ways and methods of searching for oil fields.

The name of I. Gubkin is associated with the beginning of oil and search work in Siberia. In the year, he gave scientifically based forecasts and directions of oil and discharge work in the West Siberian lowland, Kuzbass, Minusinsky Kitwill, Baikalia, Yakutia and personally led these works. In the year, he achieved the beginning of search work on a huge plain extending between the Volga and the Ural Mountains.

As a result of the studies, a large oil and gas province of Ural-Volzhskaya, or “Second Baku”, was opened. In the year, Ivan Mikhailovich Gubkin suggested that in Western Siberia there is a gigantic depression of the depression, in which in the geological past, precipitation favorable for the formation of oil and gas and, in all likelihood, industrial reserves can be found.

Behind the scientist’s ingenious guess was an analysis of the geology of Siberia, its comparison with other regions similar in the history of development, where oil and gas have already been found. He drew attention to the similarity of the geological structure of the Appalachic cavity in North America, where oil was produced at that time, and Western Siberia, having suggested the expediency of oilpoisian work in this vast territory.

In June, in Novosibirsk, I. Gubkin, in an interview with the correspondent of the newspaper Pravda, shared his thoughts about the richest oil resources in the east of our country. In particular, he said: “The prospects and significance of oil development in these areas of Western Siberia are huge. Oil production here can provide not only the needs of the Ural-Kuznetsk plant, but also the entire national economy of the USSR.

” Gubkin's opinion attracted attention to himself precisely the surprise of his statement. But at that time he had not yet been able to fully convince his scientific opponents and executives of the oil industry of the oil and the Volga region, because serious scientists who looked at this region as absolutely hopeless remained cold. In the scientific circles, it was believed that the search for oil on a huge off -road and sparsely populated unpromitable territory lying beyond the Urals are completely unrealistic and unjustified from the point of view of common sense or from an economic point of view.

Academics M. Usov, D. Stepanov, N. Shatsky and a number of other scientists who were based on the initial data of the expedition manager in the year of S. Mashkovtsev, who found out the oil passable of North Sosva and the eastern slope of the Urals, expressed a general negative assessment of the prospects for the search for oil in Western Siberia. However, I.

Gubkin did not intend to abandon this idea and actively achieved the deployment of field petroleum trials in Western Siberia, the organization of oilpois work of the required scale and profile.

The scientist understood that the search requires large means, risk and perseverance, but was convinced that there was every reason for this. In the summer of the year, at the insistence of Gubkin, the Vostokneft Trust organized an expedition to the areas of the Bolshaya Yugan and Belaya rivers to verify the reliability of information about the presence of oil fields. The expedition was headed by engineer V.

In the course of research, it was found that the detected places of oil output are natural and that the geological structures of the layers correspond to the conditions under which oil is possible. Gubkina took place a conference of geologists of Western Siberia. On it, Vasiliev, Gubkin and other scientists managed to scientifically justify and confirm the presence of oil along the Bolshaya Yugan and Belaya rivers.

So, in the winter of the year in Surgut, at that time in a small village on the banks of the Ob, the first oil explorations appeared under the leadership of R. The work on drilling them, route research made it possible to make optimistic conclusions: “There is oil in this area! However, life has undergone the clarification of this issue already for the post -war period, although oilpoisian work on the territory of Western Siberia, despite what was being carried out up to a year.

At this time, debates were launched in the scientific circles of Russia on the topic where and how to look for oil. In May, at the first session of the West Siberian branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences, the report “Prospects for the oil and the ways of Western Siberia and the ways of further geological research”, which was made by Tomsk geologist M.

Korovin, actively defending the position of the existence of the oil and gas province near Tobolsk, was already created in Novosibirsk. Although the number of supporters of the Gubkinsky forecast of the region’s oil is increased over the years, there were no long time to decide arguments among petroleums in favor of the development of the bowels of the West Siberian lowland.Therefore, all the specific actions of the followers of the theory of academician I.

Gubkin were so important: M. Korovina, R. Gugol, V. Vasiliev, A. Bystritsky, Yu. Ervye and others. In the classical work “Doctrine of oil”, the year I. Gubkin sums up his research in the field of oil origin and the conditions for the formation of oil fields. In this work, which laid the foundations of oil geology, Gubkin developed issues of primary and secondary oil deposits, oil and gas migration and the classification of oil deposits.

Here they planned the patterns of the distribution of oil deposits and subjected to sharp, fundamental criticism of the mistakes of many scientists on the most important problems of oil geology. As the head of the geological service of the Soviet Union, I. Gubkin headed the work of various government commissions on a wide variety of issues related to the study and development of the natural wealth of the USSR.

In years, he was the chairman and supervisor of the Special Commission for the Study of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly, created by order of V. Lenin.